Despite the efficiency produced by long-distance commuting (LDC) as an adjustment mechanism between local labor markets, the impact that it has on the equilibrium of labor markets has not been studied in depth. This paper uses the case of Chile, since in the last two decades the LDC has increased its importance as a strategy of labor mobility for workers in this country. We demonstrate, both theoretically and empirically, that LDC generates wage differences in the labor markets that receive commuters, as a function of the market equilibrium of these workers’ place of origin.

Local governments intend to offer a better quality of life; so, their targeting of spending and ability to generate income are relevant. This research uses data from a panel of 93 Chilean cities evaluated for the effects of budget structure on the quality of urban life between 2012–2016. For this, an ordered probit model with random effects is used. The results show a positive impact of municipal spending, permanent income, and investment on the studied cities with differences among the indicator’s dimensions

Key findings

KEY MESSAGES

Sustainable and efficient governance and utilization of natural resources requires:

1. Transparency, accountability, rule of law, inclusive participation and cooperation of all stakeholders and actors in natural resources. 2. Balancing economic, social and environmental goals in all government programs and plans including private investments.

KEY MESSAGES

Lake Victoria Basin is facing a number of challenges:

Using Bogota’s system of socioeconomic division, the “strata”, we show that falling ill with a serious case of COVID has been over eight times more likely for an individual in the lowest stratum, where the poorer population concentrates, compared to one in the highest. Other pieces of evidence are consistent with this being driven by more exposure to contagion, at least partly driven by people in the lower strata being:

ABSTRACT

 Abstract 

The study analysed the contributions of species of NWFPs to farm household’s livelihood and poverty reduction. One hundred and twenty respondents were selected through multistage sampling procedure. Frequency, mean and likert scale and probit model were used for the analysis. The results indicated that the majority were male (63.33 %) and had mean age of 56 years.