Risk assessment for COVID-19 transmission at household level in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from DHS
EfD Authors:
AbstractHousehold habitat conditions matter for diseases transmission and control, especially in the case of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). These conditions include availability and adequacy of sanitation facilities, and number of persons per room. Despite this, little attention is being paid to these conditions as a pathway to understanding the transmission and prevention of COVID-19, especially in Africa, where household habitat conditions are largely suboptimal.
Stockpiling and food worries: Changing habits and choices in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic
EfD Authors:
Albeit, governments have instituted strong containment measures in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns of continuous local spread and economic impact of the virus are impacting global food chains and food security. This paper investigates the effect of concern about the i) local spread and ii) economic impact of COVID-19, on the change in the amount of food and necessities bought in twelve Sub-Sahara African countries. In addition, we examine if these effects are channeled through food worries.
The Socioeconomics of COVID and Lockdowns Outside Advanced Economies: The Case of Bogotá.
EfD Authors:
Bogota is unique in recording and reporting the socioeconomic status of COVID-19
patients. As others in Latin America and Asia, the city imposed a blanket lockdown
before contagion picked up in early 2020 and kept it in place for six months. We
document that, during that period, being hospitalized or dying from COVID-19 was over
eight times more likely for an individual in the lowest group of the socioeconomic
classification, compared to one in the highest. We relate this to higher exposure to
Perspectives on the Economics of the Environment in the Shadow of Coronavirus
EfD Authors:
On February 25, 2020, the Brazilian Ministry of Health confirmed that a 61-year-old man was positive for SARS-CoV-2: COVID-19 had arrived to Latin America. As of 3 July 2020, there have been 2.7 million confirmed cases in Latin America, compared to 1.3 million in the European Union and 2.8 million in the USA (JH-CSSE 2020). Furthermore, so far there have been more than 120,000 deaths in the region and the trends show that the first wave of the pandemic is far from over (ibid.).
Air pollution exposure and COVID-19: A look at mortality in Mexico City using individual-level data
EfD Authors:
We use individual-level data to estimate the effects of long- and short-term exposure to air pollution (PM2.5) on the probability of dying from COVID-19. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to look at this relationship using individual-level data. We find that for Mexico City there is evidence of a positive relationship between pollution and mortality that significantly grows with age and that appears to be mostly driven by long- rather than short-term exposure.
Analysis of opportunities for the introduction of fiscal instruments that incentivize the decarbonization of the waste management sector in Costa Rica
EfD Authors:
This document seeks to analyze the context of the waste sector in the country, including the management of the wastes, their emissions, the environmental and social externalities, the actors, the relevant regulations, and the advances of the action plan of the sector, among other aspects; second, review the literature regarding the use and the impact of the fiscal instruments in the managing sector in different countries. This provides lessons that can be useful for the adaptation of similar instruments in this sector for decarbonization and green recuperation in Costa Rica.