Resource scarcity has become an increasingly pressing challenge to the world. How scarcity affects people’s preferences and behavior has been taken as an important issue for development. This study examines the impact of long-term exposure to resource scarcity on farmers’ cooperation. Specifically, we focus on water scarcity in irrigation agriculture, and examine the effect of water scarcity on cooperation in the context of a gravity irrigation system in western China.

While ex-ante evaluations of climate mitigation policies predict that co-benefits of improved air quality will enable the aggregate benefits of climate mitigation policies to outweigh their costs, there is little empirical evidence to support this assertion. In this study, we use data on weekly smokestack emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) from firms participating in Shanghai’s carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions

This document summarizes the governance analysis of bovine livestock NAMAs, or low-emission cattle farming initiatives, that are either underway or in formulation in LAC. It focuses on the legal and institutional frameworks and the key aspects related to stakeholder framework structure and design, associated with an effective and sustainable governance model. 

La Guía Paso a Paso está estructurada en dos bloques: Bloque 1: Este bloque contiene aspectos teóricos de la EC incluyendo (i) definición, principios y beneficios de la EC (ii) análisis de los vínculos de la EC con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), (iii) análisis del ambiente habilitan y los retos más frecuentes para implementar la EC a nivel local, (iv) importancia de dar seguimiento y evaluar los avances, y (v) el papel que tienen los actores locales en la promoción y adopción de la EC. 

Countries that are endowed with extractive resources such as oil and gas can have tremendous impact to the economy if the emanating wealth is well managed, allocated, and distributed. Good governance of extractive resources creates employment thus improving well-being among national citizens. At the same time, for governments, this may generate new revenue streams and fund basic government services and stimulate further economic growth.

We study the implementation of a time-varying pricing (TVP) program by a major electricity utility in Costa Rica. Because of particular features of the data, we use recently developed understanding of the two-way fixed effects differences-in-differences estimator along with event-study specifications to interpret our results. Similar to previous research, we find that the program reduces consumption during peak-hours. However, in contrast with previous research, we find that the program increases total consumption.

Abstract

Abstract