Payments for environmental services (PES) are considered an effective approach to solving both environmental and socio-economic issues. However, there lies a significant research gap in the context of their impact on income and attitudes toward conservation. Using household survey data and the propensity score matching technique, this study evaluates the impact of the payments for forest environmental services (PFES) program on household income and attitudes toward forest conservation in the Central Highlands of Vietnam.

Although the resource curse offers evidence for the national crowding out generated by resource windfalls from mining, subnational crowding is not fully understood. This knowledge gap is problematic because these windfalls should cover the negative externalities that exist in host zones. Additionally, these communities have different fiscal responsibilities due to the mining industry's environmental, economic, and social costs. This article estimates the subnational crowd out of mining windfalls on local tax collection by considering different levels of fiscal responsibility.

Briefing highlights 

–    Analyzing policy attitudes is important for understanding environmental policy feasibility.

–    Pure self-interest is not sufficient to explain people’s policy positions. There are other factors that are also important for policy attitude formation.

–    Policy packaging, earmarking and revenue recycling can potentially change people’s policy positions.

Economists argue that carbon taxation (and more generally carbon pricing) is the single most powerful way to combat climate change. Since this is so controversial, we need to explain it better, and to be precise, the efficiency gains are largest when the costs of abatement are strongly heterogeneous. This is often—but not always—the case. When it is not, standards can fill much the same role.

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Abstract

Abstract

Recreational opportunities and amenities are important human-use services generated by urban open spaces. However, empirical evidences on the magnitude of monetary values of these services are hardly available, in fact anecdotal if any, in developing countries. In this research, using contingent valuation methods (CVM), we estimated the recreational value of developing urban park in Kampala city.