The amenity value of the Kogelberg Coast of South Africa was estimated on the basis of a survey of users, property data and park visitor statistics, as well as spatial data on coastal features, development and recreational activities. In addition to the permanent population of about 13 000, visitors spend an estimated 4.3 to 5.3 million visitor days per year, of which holiday home owners, other overnight visitors and day visitors account for about 22 percent, 56 percent and 21 percent, respectively. Coastal activities contributed 71 percent to all users’ enjoyment of the area.

This paper explores the socio-ecological effects of increased aquaculture/farmed fish production, around the island group of Frøya in Trøndelag, Norway, as a result of new licenses accorded to the industry. This is investigated from a stakeholder perspective by assessing the adaptive capacity of selected stakeholder groups through workshops combining Scenario Analysis, Systems Thinking and Bayesian Belief Network and by developing conceptual frameworks and structural diagrams that visualize the perceived effects of the industry on the given stakeholder system.