This study analyzes the factors that have facilitated Vietnam's recent rapid solar and wind power expansion and draws policy insights for other member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). A policy-mix analysis focusing on targets, incentive instruments, enabling regulations, and policy implementation is carried out, informed by semi-structured interviews with 20 Vietnamese experts during the period January–March 2021. A comparative analysis between Vietnam and the other ASEAN countries provides policy insights.

This paper investigates options for carbon price adoption in Vietnam, with a focus on model designs capable of meeting the country's updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). We employ an ex-ante policy evaluation across environmental, economic, social, and political dimensions, drawing on interviews with key stakeholders. A multi-criteria analysis is also pursued to provide an overall comparison across policy options.

The chapter by Shoibal Chakravarty and E. Somonathan focuses on coal, which accounts for a whopping 64% of India’s CO2 emissions in 2021. Since coal combustion also releases other deadly pollutants and particulates, its elimination would have collateral local environmental benefits. The current tax accounts for 20–40% of the price of coal paid by coal-burning power plants, which the authors consider to be well below the level  which would internalise even the local component of the pollution externality.

The climate targets agreed upon in the Paris Agreement will eventually need to be backed by ambitious climate policies. Putting a price on carbon and abolishing subsidies on fossil fuels is usually widely agreed upon by economists to be the economically efficient solution (High-Level Commission on Carbon Prices 2017). An increasing amount of countries, including low- and middle-income economies (LMICs), have already introduced (or plan to do so) carbon pricing schemes.