On the Relationship between Openness to Trade and Efficiency Levels in Low Income Countries: Evidence from the Latin American and the Caribbean Countries

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The paper tested for the relationship between three different measures of efficiency and the degree of openness to trade for a sample of countries from Latin America and the Caribbean plus the Unites States and Canada.

Policy Design

Biofuels production, trade and sustainable development

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EfD Authors:

This book presents case studies from Pakistan, Costa Rica, South Africa and Ecuador that give a low- and middle-income country perspective on the potential for biofuel development. The focus is on the transport sector as this is the main use of liquid biofuels but co-benefit possibilities for use in domestic lighting, cooking and heating are noted.

Energy