This paper analyzes the welfare effects of improved health status through increased water quality using a choice experiment. The survey was administered to a random sample of households in metropolitan Cairo, Egypt.

Groundwater can augment total agricultural water supply in areas where rainfall is persistently low, but can also function as a buffer source of water in areas where rainfall is high but variable. In arid countries it is important to examine which of these functions dominates, as this has implications for water policy.

his article presents two procedures for estimating the value of time spent hauling water in developing countries. Both approaches are used to derive estimates of the value of time for households in Ukunda, Kenya.

The results indicate that households in this village place a surprisingly high value on the time they spend collecting water, a value approximately equivalent to the wage rate for unskilled labor. These findings suggest that the economic benefits of improved water services in developing countries may be much greater than is commonly realized.

In-depth interviews were conducted with 395 households in three rural communities in the Nsukka district of Anambra State, Nigeria, concerning their household water use practices, water expenditures to vendors, willingness to pay for improved water supplies, and household socioeconomic characteristics. Households in Nsukka district do not want to pay for water in advance or commit themselves to a fixed monthly payment for water.

Most people in Onitsha, Nigeria obtain their water from an elaborate and wellorganized
water vending system which is run by the private sector. About 275 tanker trucks
collect water from private boreholes and sell it to households and businesses equipped with water
storage facilities