We study the implementation of a time-varying pricing (TVP) program by a major electricity utility in Costa Rica. Because of particular features of the data, we use recently developed understanding of the two-way fixed effects differences-in-differences estimator along with event-study specifications to interpret our results. Similar to previous research, we find that the program reduces consumption during peak-hours. However, in contrast with previous research, we find that the program increases total consumption.

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

This study assesses the willingness of people in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam to pay for improvement in their water supply system. It also investigates what aspects of water supply, such as quality and water pressure, are most important. The study was carried out in response to the growing number of water supply problems in the city. It was also done to highlight the need for 'consumer demand' to be given priority in water supply planning.