This paper demonstrates the importance of wildlife in the portfolio of environmental income in the livelihoods of
poor rural communities living adjacent to a national park. The results show that wealthier households use more
wildlife resources in total than do relatively poor households. However, poorer households derive greater proportional
benefit than wealthier households from the use of wildlife resources. Excluding wildlife understates
the relative contribution of environmental resources while at the same time overstating the relative contribution

This paper demonstrates the importance of wildlife in the portfolio of environmental income in the livelihoods of poor rural communities living adjacent to a national park. The results show that wealthier households consume more wildlife products in total than do relatively poor households. However, poorer households derive greater proportional benefit than wealthier households from the consumption of wildlife resources. Excluding wildlife understates the relative contribution of environmental resources while at the same time overstating the relative contribution of farm and wage income.