Near ground ozone pollution has become one of the most challenging air pollution problems in Beijing, and as the rapid development of economy and urbanization in Beijing and surrounding areas, the situation is getting worse.
As near ground ozone is a secondary pollutant produced from NOx and VOC, and has its regional characteristics of non-linear react-process and transiting mechanism, a. control strategy gives consideration to regional impacts and cost-effective approaches is necessary to achieve control targets at a least cost manner. Screening the regional contribution and impacts, contribution and control options for industries and sectors, as well as the enterprises level, an Ambient Least Cost model is developed to facilitate the process for ranking and identify the least cost solution. A preliminary results show that, in order to achieve the WHO 2000 Guidelines for near ground ozone concentration (200 ug/m3), from the cost-effective approach, Beijing should follow control path of: 1) Stage II GVRS on gasoline stations in Beijing, 2) replace the normal gasoline and diesel buses in Beijing to CNG buses; 3) install or replace TCCs for vehicles of standard of CNS I in Beijing. And if targeting the WHO 2005 Guidelines (160 ug/m3), Beijing government should continue to conduct 4) eliminating vehicles before CNS I in Beijing, 5) substitute more 20% of oil paint used in civil sector and industrial sector to be water based paint, and 6) control on coal power plants in Beijing using NOx abatement techniques.
