Randy Bluffstone has been working on his latest book for over a decade. The newly released Environmental Economics and Ecosystem Services aims to make environmental economics accessible to those passionate about environmental issues but with little or no prior knowledge in economics. We spoke with him about the book, its purpose, and why economics has a crucial role in solving environmental problems.
When did you start working on this book?
The earliest files I have are from 2011, so it's been quite a journey.
What inspired you to write this book?
I've always been confident in the power of economics to solve environmental problems. I teach environmental economics to students with little or no background in economics, many of whom are deeply concerned about environmental issues but skeptical about how economics can help. I wanted to create a book that anyone could pick up—whether they’re an economist or not—and still find it very valuable.
What is special about this book?
It provides a rigorous but approachable treatment of environmental economics, using real-world examples from around the globe. It’s primarily a textbook, but it's designed for both undergraduate and graduate students, including those outside economics.
One of the book’s strengths is its extra features: it includes a lot of examples, discussion questions, and practice problems. There's also a chapter-by-chapter instructor guide with PowerPoint slides and even in-class simulations and behavioral experiments. Professors have all the tools they need to make the material engaging.
Are there any particular reasons for releasing it right now?
There’s an increasing urgency to address climate change, biodiversity loss, and other environmental challenges. People are actively searching for solutions, and economics has a lot to offer. This book makes those solutions accessible to a broad audience without forcing a particular perspective.
I also want readers to challenge themselves with big questions: Is overconsumption the underlying cause of environmental problems? Is pollution unethical? Should we allow people to pay to pollute? Presenting different perspectives and letting readers engage critically with the material is important.
I heard you involved students to get feedback on your work. How did you incorporate their feedback?
I tested early versions of the chapters in my classes at Portland State University starting in 2015. Students filled out voluntary evaluation forms, and their feedback was crucial in shaping the book. Many even helped as research assistants.
What’s key when explaining environmental economics to non-economists?
The number one rule is recognizing that economics is a tool for solving environmental problems—it’s not just an abstract theory. The environment isn’t merely a context for economic models; rather, economics can help us achieve environmental goals.
It’s also critical to address robust, real-world examples that people can relate to. For instance, how do you put a price on marine oil pollution? How do you value dengue vaccines in Manila?
You have to find the balance between accessibility and depth, ensuring that beginners aren’t lost while keeping things engaging for more advanced readers.
Anything you would like to add?
This book is the result of collaboration with colleagues in the EfD network, who, among others, helped ensure it gives proper weight to the Global South. I’m very grateful for all the support I have received.
Environmental economics has been around for over 50 years, and thousands of economists have contributed to the field. This book is a reflection of that ongoing work and aims to equip the next generation with the tools they need to tackle environmental challenges.
Learn more about the book Environmental Economics and Ecosystem Services.